教育人力资本及其溢出效应对中国科技创新的影响研究——基于省际面板数据的经验分析

The Impact of Educational Human Capital and Its Spillover Effects on China's Scientific and Technological Innovation: An Empirical Analysis Based on Inter-provincial Panel Data

实现经济强国目标,科技创新是不可或缺的因素。利用中国2000至2015年的省际面板数据,借助人力资本理论与人力资本溢出效应模型,实证检验了教育人力资本及其溢出效应对我国科技创新的影响。研究结果表明:教育人力资本及其溢出效应均有助于我国科技创新水平的提高。具体来说,如果不考虑教育人力资本的溢出效应,以平均受教育年限表征的教育人力资本存量每提高1%,科技创新水平平均提高0. 2233%;如果考虑溢出效应,则教育人力资本存量的科技创新产出弹性会提升至0. 3648%。各地区应在加大教育投入、不断提高教育人力资本水平的同时,努力打破人力资本流动壁垒,引导和鼓励高素质人才的交流和集聚,进一步放大教育人力资本溢出效应对科技创新的积极影响。

Scientific and technological innovation is indispensable in achieving the goal of national strength through economic prosperity.Based on the inter-provincial panel data from 2000 to 2015 in China,the paper,adopting human capital theory and human capital spillover effect model,examines the impact of educational human capital and its spillover effect on scientific and technological innovation in China based on an empirical analysis.The results show that the educational human capital and its spillover effects are positive in lifting overall level of scientific and technological innovation in China.To be more specific,if the spillover effect is not added,the level of scientific and technological innovation will increase by an average of 0.2233%with 1%increase of the stock of educational human capital which is judged by the average number of years of education.If the spillover effect is taken into account,the figure will rise to 0.3648%.It is important that we should break the mobility barriers of human capital among different regions while increasing educational investment and the level of educational human capital.We should guide,encourage and pull together high-quality talents for exchanges so as to further expand the positive spillover effect of educational human capital on scientific and technological innovation.