铝基复合材料水解制氢及其水解产物的吸附性能

Hydrolysis of Aluminum Composites for Hydrogen Production and the Adsorption Properties of Hydrolysates

本研究以金属铝、低熔点金属镓、铟、锡以及无机盐NaCl和CaO等添加剂为原料,采用机械球磨法制备了具有高水解活性的铝基复合材料。研究了铝基复合材料的产氢性能及其水解产物对刚果红溶液的吸附性能,探究了初始浓度、水解产物质量以及环境温度对刚果红溶液吸附效果的影响。实验表明,NaCl加入量为10%的铝基复合材料Al alloys-10%NaCl具有最高的产氢率,其产氢率达83%。质量为1g的Al alloys-10%NaCl在75℃水中的产氢量为1 020mL。X射线衍射(XRD)与扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明,无机盐NaCl的加入,有效减小了Al颗粒的尺寸,使得水解产物颗粒更为细小,形成了纳米多孔结构的AlO(OH)。刚果红溶液吸附实验表明,Al alloys-10%NaCl的水解产物AlO(OH)对刚果红具有最佳的吸附效率,最大吸附率达到95%,且其对刚果红的吸附率随刚果红溶液的初始浓度、环境温度的升高而降低,随水解产物质量的增大而升高。

In this paper,aluminum composites with high hydrolytic activity were prepared by mechanical milling using metal aluminum,low melting point metal gallium,indium,stannum,inorganic salts NaCl and CaO as additives.The hydrogen production rate of aluminum composites and the adsorption properties of the hydrolysate on Congo red solution were studied.The influence of the initial dye concentration,the mass of hydrolysate as well as ambient temperature on the Congo red adsorption efficiency was investigated.The results showed that Al alloys-10%NaCl with 10%NaCl addition had the highest hydrogen production rate,reaching 83%.The hydrogen production was 1 020 mL for 1 g of Al alloys-10%NaCl composites in water at 75℃.The results of XRD and SEM showed that the size of Al particles was effectively reduced due to the addition of inorganic salts NaCl,and the hydrolysate obtained by the reaction of aluminum-water was AlO(OH)powder with porous nanostructures,which presented the best adsorption ability for Congo red with the maximum adsorption efficiency of 95%.With the increase of the initial concentration of Congo red and the ambient temperature,the adsorption efficiency of hydrolysate decreased.However,the adsorption of Congo red was enhanced when the mass of hydrolysates increased.