小型模块化钍基熔盐堆防核扩散性能初步定量评估

Preliminary Quantitative Proliferation Resistance Assessment of Small Modular Thorium Based MSR

核能的和平利用一直备受关注,防核扩散性能也是评价4代堆性能的4大指标之一,为建立满足4代堆核能系统标准的钍基熔盐堆核能系统,需对其防核扩散性能进行评价。因此,本文基于美国橡树岭国家实验室等机构提出的多属性效用分析(MAUA)方法,从材料性质、操作需求等14个方面,定量化评估了3种模式下小型模块化熔盐堆卸料的防核扩散性能,并与采用一次通过燃料循环的PWR进行对比,进而为燃料循环方案的优化提供核扩散风险参考。分析结果表明,小型模块化熔盐堆设计防核扩散性能指标——核安全测量值约为0.8,可比拟一次通过燃料循环的PWR,优于闭循环的CANDU堆。此外,本文还针对第3种连续后处理模式堆型的防核扩散性能进行了初步优化。以上分析结果可为进一步合理优化防核扩散性能提供参考,为燃料循环的选择提供合理、透明、可追溯的依据。

The peaceful utilization of nuclear energy is being closely concerned around the world.As one of the generationⅣreactors,the proliferation resistance performance of the small modular thorium based MSR should be assessed since proliferation risk is one of the four indexes to evaluate the performance of the generationⅣnuclear system.Accordingly,the multi-attribute utility analysis(MAUA)was used to compare the proliferation resistance of the small modular thorium based MSR based on three kinds of reprocessing modes and once-through PWR with quantified values from the viewpoint of attractiveness level,handling requirements,accessibility etc.The results show that the nuclear security measurement(NS)value of the small modular thorium based MSR is around 0.8 which is comparable to the once-through PWR and superior to the closed cycle CANDU.Furthermore,a preliminary improvement of proliferation performance was conducted based on the modeⅢsmall modular thorium based MSR.Therefore,this work aims to apply the quantitative proliferation resistance evaluation method to study and optimize the nuclear fuel cycle,which can provide a scientific and reasonable reference for the decision-making of nuclear energy deployment.