东台市滨海湿地围垦影响的定量评估

Quantitative evaluation of the influence of coastal wetland reclamation in Dongtai City

为研究沿海滩涂湿地围垦后湿地开发现状及保护与利用情况,采用2008—2016年间的3期Landsat-7卫星遥感影像资料,在Arcgis 10. 2软件支持下进行叠加分析,并对发生变化的湿地斑块进行实地调查,分析东台市滨海湿地面积动态变化与空间格局,评估湿地保护效果。结果表明:2008—2016年间,东台市近海与海岸湿地面积减少10 543 hm2,减幅达4. 98%;围垦面积最大的区域是淤泥质海滩,减幅最大的区域是潮间带;被围垦利用的湿地以水产养殖和种植业为主;受保护湿地被围垦面积仅占东台市滨海湿地总面积的0. 78%。说明以围垦为主的人为干扰活动,是东台市滨海湿地面积减少和质量降低的主要原因。

In order to study the development,protection and utilization of the coastal wetland in Dongtai City after reclamation,the variation and spatial pattern of the coastal wetland areas were explored in this paper,and the wetland protection effect was evaluated,based on 3-stage Landsat 7 satellite remote sensing images from 2008 to 2016,overlay analysis under Arcgis 10.2 software support,and on-the-spot investigation for the change of wetland patches.Results showed that the area of the coastal wetlands decreased by 10 543 hm 2,taking up 4.98%.The muddy beach was the largest area of reclamation and intertidal salt marsh was mostly reduced.Aquaculture and planting were the main types of disturbance.The protected wetland only accounted for 0.78%of the total area of Dongtai wetland,suggesting that reclamation is the main reason for the decline in area and quality of coastal wetland in Dongtai City.