基于云技术的BIM架构研究与实践综述

Researches and Applications of Cloud-Based BIM Architectures

随着建筑信息模型(BIM)在建筑全生命期中得到越来越广泛的应用,建筑工程项目的复杂性日益增长,相应的数据量也呈爆炸性增长,如何高效地支持BIM应用成为建筑行业面临的重大挑战。云计算和大数据技术,尽管出现时间不长,但是已被广泛地认为能较为有效地解决BIM应用面临的诸多问题,已经在学术和工业界得到了快速的接纳。为此,梳理了现有的基于云技术的BIM("Cloud-BIM")文献与实践,将现有的Cloud-BIM应用架构主要归纳为3个层次:数据层?服务层和应用层,并针对3个层次上的现有研究与实践分别进行探讨和阐述,指出不同层次上的主要研究进展和应用障碍。最后总结并展望Cloud-BIM架构研究与实践的热门领域、亟待解决的问题和可能的方向,为进一步开展此研究和应用提供参考。

With the growing application of the building information model(BIM)in the buildings’life-cycle,the building projects are characterized with growing complexity and explosively increasing data size.It has become a great challenge for the construction industry as to how to efficiently support the applications of BIM.It has been widely acknowledged in academic and industry circles that with a short life,cloud computing and big data technology can cope with numerous challenges in applications of BIM.This paper reviews existing studies and applications of cloud technology-based BIM(i.e.Cloud-BIM),approaching its applications at three layers:the data layer,the service layer and the application layer.Then the paper discusses and explains the present studies and practices of the three layers,pointing out the progress and obstacles in different layers.Finally,the current research limitations and prospects of future research trends are summarized in the conclusion section,shedding new light on potential researches and applications.