HIV感染者/AIDS患者防御方式与医学应对方式的相关性研究

A study on correlation between defense styles and medical coping modes of people living with HIV/AIDS

目的探索HIV感染者/AIDS患者(PLWHA)防御方式与医学应对方式的相关性。方法选取2015年5月~2016年7月于南宁市第四人民医院门诊就诊及住院的PLWHA患者共计239人,发放问卷239份,回收有效问卷221份。采用防御方式问卷、医学应对方式问卷作为研究工具,对患者防御方式、医学应对方式进行测评。结果PLWHA患者退缩因子分女性高于男性,压抑因子分和消耗倾向因子分男性高于女性(P<0.05),其余防御方式问卷因子分男女之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将医学应对方式得分与常模进行比较,其中面对因子分低于常模,而回避、屈服因子得分高于常模(P<0.01)。医学应对方式中面对因子与中间型防御机制呈正相关(r=0.143,P<0. 05),回避因子与成熟型防御机制呈正相关(r=0.146,P<0.05),屈服因子与不成熟防御机制(r=0.428,P<0.01)和中间型防御机制(r=0.255,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论 PLWHA患者防御方式与医学应对方式存在相关性,临床上可针对不同防御方式及应对方式特点采用不同的心理干预方法,提高患者治疗效果。

Objective To investigate correlation between defensive styles and medical coping modes of people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA).Methods A total of 239 cases of PLWHA in the outpatient and inpatient clinics of the Fourth People’s Hospital of Nanning from May 2015 to July 2016 were enrolled in this study.239 questionnaires were distributed,with 221 valid collections.And then,defense style questionnaire(DSQ)and medical coping modes questionnaire(MCMQ)were used as research tools to evaluate patients’defense styles and medical coping modes.Results The withdrawal factor score of PLWHA in female patients was higher than that of male patients,but the scores of depression factor and consumption tendency factor were higher in males than in females(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between males and females in other scores of DSQ factors(P>0.05).The scores of medical coping modes was compared with that of norm,in which the score of face factor was lower than that of norm,but the scores of avoidance factor and yield factor were higher than those of norm(P<0.01).Among medical coping modes,face factor was positively correlated with intermediate defense mechanism(r=0.143,P<0.05),avoidance factor was positively correlated with mature defense mechanism(r=0.146,P<0.05),and yield factor was positively correlated with immature defense mechanism(r=0.428,P<0.01)and intermediate defense mechanism(r=0.255,P<0.01).Conclusion There is a correlation between the defense styles of PLWHA patients and the medical coping modes.Different psychological intervention methods can be used to improve the therapeutic effect of patients with PLWHA according to the characteristics of different defense styles and coping modes.