无角度依赖性的响应性光子晶体研究进展

Recent Progress on Angle-Independent Responsive Photonic Crystals

结构色是一种在光学尺度上微结构与光相互作用产生的色彩。传统光子晶体材料由于结构规整,颜色呈现出明显的角度依赖性,即颜色随着观察角度的变化而改变。最近,受到生物体结构色的启发,一些具有无定形、短程有序结构的光子晶体材料引起了人们越来越多的关注。这种结构在空间各个方向上呈各向同性,因此其产生的结构色不随观察角度的变化而改变,即结构色具有无角度依赖性。将这种无角度依赖性的光子晶体与响应性高分子材料相结合即可得到无角度依赖性的响应性光子晶体。由于无角度依赖性结构色的光子晶体具有较广的可视性、非彩虹效应、光局域化等特点,因而在显示器和传感器等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文总结了无角度依赖性的响应性光子晶体的结构特点和制备方法,并针对无角度依赖性光子晶体结合响应性聚合物呈现的各种响应性与应用前景作进一步的分析与讨论。

Structural colors arising from physical interaction of incident light with periodic micro-or nanostructures are well known as photonic crystals(PCs).PCs consisted of the periodic ordered structure are easy to produce vivid structural color but the color is angle-dependent.Recently,inspired by nature,the PCs that possess amorphous structures with short-range order have attracted increasing attention,because the structural color of such PCs with short-range ordered structure is invariable along with the viewing angle.By incorporating a stimulus-responsive material into the amorphous PCs system,angle-independent and responsive photonic composite can be readily constructed.The angle-independent responsive photonic materials can be very useful in the areas of sensors and optical coatings due to their advantages of wide visibility,non-iridescent structural color,and light location.In this review,we will briefly introduce the discovery and structural characteristics of the angle-independent PCs,and the artificial fabrication of the angle-independent responsive PCs and their applications are then discussed.