闽中茶园土壤和茶叶铁锰含量及影响因素研究

Factors Affecting Iron and Manganese Contents of Tea leaves and Plantation Soil in Central Fujian

通过实地调查,采集了闽中大田县25个茶园表层土壤、4个剖面土壤样品及相应的茶叶样品(一芽二叶),分析了茶园土壤和茶叶的铁锰含量、剖面分布特征及其影响因素,结果表明:大田县茶园土壤全铁、有效铁、全锰和有效锰含量均值分别为61.08g·kg^(-1)、144.42mg·kg^(-1)、258.97mg·kg^(-1)和33.72mg·kg^(-1),全铁和有效铁含量丰富,而全锰和有效锰含量较低,约50%茶园土壤存在缺锰现象;茶园土壤全铁剖面分布不明显,但在20~40cm土层出现富集现象;有效铁、全锰和有效锰含量随土层深度增加呈现下降趋势;土壤有机质、pH值、全磷和速效磷含量是影响茶园土壤全铁和有效铁含量的主要因素,土壤全锰和有效锰则与土壤有机质和pH值关系密切。茶叶中铁平均含量为164.52mg·kg^(-1),锰平均含量为849.73mg·kg^(-1),茶叶对锰的富集系数远高于铁;茶叶铁含量与土壤有效铁含量呈显著正相关;茶叶锰含量与土壤全锰和有效锰含量均呈显著正相关;茶叶对铁、锰的富集能力随着土壤铁、锰含量的升高而降低。

From a field survey at 25 plantations in Datian County,the iron and manganese contents in layers of soil and one-bud-2-leaves from the bushes grown on same sampling spots were determined.The distribution and factors affecting the variations on the mineral contents were analyzed.The average contents of total iron,available iron,total manganese and available manganese in the soil were 61.08 g·kg-1,144.42 mg·kg-1,258.97 mg·kg-1 and 33.72 mg·kg-1,respectively.The soil in the region were relatively rich in total and available iron,but low in those of total and available manganese.Nearly half of the soils sampled in the region was considered deficient in manganese.There was no significant difference in total iron in the 0-60 cm layer but richly accumulated in 20-40 cm.The available iron as well as the total and available manganese in soil decreased with depth below the surface.In the soil,the organic matters,pH,total and rapidly available phosphorus were important factors affecting the iron content;whereas,the total and available manganese closely related to the organic matters and pH.The average iron and manganese contents in the tea leaves were 164.52 mg·kg-1 and 849.73 mg·kg-1,respectively,and the accumulation coefficient of manganese was much higher than that of iron.The iron content in the tea leaves significantly correlated with the available iron in soil,while the manganese content with the total and available manganese in soil.The iron and manganese accumulation coefficient in the leaves decreased with increasing mineral contents inthe soil.