幽门螺杆菌感染引起的免疫应答与免疫逃逸机制研究进展

Immune response and immune escape mechanism in Helicobacter pylori infection

幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori, H. pylori)是一种专性寄生于胃黏膜表面的革兰氏阴性菌,与慢性胃炎、胃和十二指肠消化性溃疡、胃腺癌,以及胃黏膜相关的淋巴样组织淋巴瘤的发生密切相关. H. pylori感染机体后,首先被体内免疫细胞的模式识别受体家族识别,进而引起机体的固有免疫和适应性免疫应答,但这些应答通常不足以清除细菌感染, H. pylori可以通过改装并减弱其病原体广泛共存的相关分子模式的免疫原性,调控固有免疫细胞和T细胞的免疫应答来逃避免疫系统的识别和清除,导致持续感染.深入了解H. pylori感染引起的免疫应答与免疫逃逸机制,对于消除H. pylori感染,控制H. pylori感染相关性疾病的发生具有极其重要的意义.

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)is a Gram-negative bacterium which is parasitic on the surface of the gastric mucosa,and it is a causative agent in the development of chronic gastritis,gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer,gastric adenocarcinoma,and lymphoid tissue lymphoma associated with the gastric mucosa.After H.pylori infection,the bacterium is first recognized by the pattern recognition receptors of immune cells,which in turn causes the innate immune and adaptive immune responses,but these responses are usually insufficient to eliminate bacterial infections.H.pylori can evade the identification and clearance by the immune system by modifying and attenuating the immunogenicity of its pathogen-associated molecular patterns,regulating the immune responses of innate immune cells and T cells,and leading to persistent infection.A thorough understanding of the immune response and immune escape mechanism in H.pylori infection is of great significance for eliminating H.pylori infection and controlling the occurrence of H.pylori infection-related diseases.