超级电容器电极材料的研究进展

Research Processes of Electrode for Supercapacitors

超级电容器作为一种新型的电化学储能元件,以充放电效率高、循环寿命长等优点引起研究者的大量关注,而电极材料是决定超级电容器性能的一个关键性因素。常见的电极材料主要有:碳材料、金属化合物材料和导电聚合物材料三大类。当它们单独作为超级电容器电极材料时,碳材料展现高功率密度和优异的循环稳定性,但其比电容较低;而金属化合物和导电聚合物材料具有高比电容,但由于它们导电性差,致使其循环稳定性和倍率性能较差。因此,超级电容器电极材料的研究关注点是碳材料与其他材料组成复合材料,以制备出兼具高比电容、良好循环稳定性和倍率性能的超级电容器电极材料。

Supercapacitor,as a new type of electrochemical energy storage devices,has attracted considerable attention due to its high charging and discharging efficiency and long cycle life.Electrode material plays an important role for the performance of supercapacitors.There are three main kinds of electrode materials,including carbon materials,metal compound and conductive polymer.Although carbon materials exhibit high power density and excellent cycle stability in supercapacitor,its specific capacitance is relatively low.The metal compounds and conductive polymer materials display high specific capacitance,but they suffer inferior rate performance and cycle stabilityto their poor conductivity.Therefore,the trend of integration of carbonaceous materials and other components attract considerable attention to form certain composites with excellent electrochemical performances.