基于粒子群算法的车载自组网GPSR协议优化

GPSR Protocol Optimization for Vehicle Ad hoc Network Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

为改善车辆通信质量,引入粒子群算法对VANET网络GPSR路由协议进行改进。GPSR协议使用地理位置信息来建立VANET路由,在其贪婪转发过程中,当前节点在选择下一跳节点时,只考虑到在其邻居节点中找到离目的节点最近的节点,忽略了节点能量消耗、边界节点易受干扰和丢包严重等问题,通信效率和质量其实并不高。为增强车载自组网GPSR协议的性能,提出P-GPSR路由协议。该协议利用粒子群算法对节点剩余能量、一跳距离、路径方向等判决因素进行综合优化,经过若干次迭代寻找出最优下一跳节点。仿真结果表明,P-GPSR路由协议能够降低丢包率和包传输时延,减少能量消耗,有效提高了路由效率。

In order to improve the quality of vehicular communication,particle swarm optimization is introduced to improve the GPSR protocol for VANET.GPSR uses geographic location information to build VANET routing.In the greedy forwarding process of GPSR,the current node only considers the node that is nearest the destination node in its neighbor nodes when selecting the next hop node,,and neglects the problems of energy consumption of nodes,boundary nodes easily be interfered and serious packet loss,which results in low communication efficiency and quality.In order to enhance the performance of vehicle ad hoc network GPSR protocol,we propose the P-GPSR routing protocol for VANET which uses particle swarm optimization to do comprehensive optimization for the decision factors such as the residual energy,jump distance and direction of the nodes’path and finds the optimal next hop node by several iterations.The simulation shows that the improved P-GPSR can reduce energy consumption,cut down the packet loss rate and packet transmission delay,and effectively improve the routing efficiency.