组织中的角色超载

Role overload in organizations

角色超载是指当个体缺乏必要的能力与技能或足够的时间而无法顺利完成各种角色需求时所体验到的一种角色压力。角色超载不仅影响员工的身心健康,而且对组织和社会也有消极影响。本文在对角色超载的定义梳理及与相关概念比较的基础上给出了新的界定,完善了角色超载的概念,并对维度划分与测量,以及影响因素与作用结果进行了分析。未来研究应致力于:清晰的界定角色超载的内涵,合理的维度划分与量表编制,深入研究其影响因素并关注角色超载的本土化研究。

Role overload is one type of role stressors that is experienced by employees who lack the necessary competencies,skills or time to successfully perform a variety of role demands.High role overload has negative impact on the organizations,employees’performance and health.Based on an extensive review of the current definitions of role overload and comparisons among the relevant concepts,we propose an integrated definition for role overload,and review studies on its structural dimension,measurements,antecedents,and consequences.Future research still needs to use more reasonable standards to explore dimension division and measurements,and look into the influencing factors and localization of role overload.