民国时期四川民间慈善组织十全会的兴衰

The Rise and Fall of the Shiquan Charity Association in the Republican Period

十全会是清代中叶兴起于四川地区的乡土性民间慈善团体,在清末民国时期一直活跃于四川乡镇。十全会的兴盛和发展,主要是在1910年代初期到1930年代中期的十余年间。而十全会在此时期的发展,既与民国以来四川地区特殊的政治格局相关,也与灾荒频仍、弱势群体庞大、社会救助的需求大量增加的社会背景有着重要关联,同时也是四川地域社会文化、思想、环境等多种因素作用的结果。随着川政统一、中央入川以及四川的中央化,十全会逐渐走向衰落。

The Shiquan Charity Association,a local charity appearing in the middle Qing period,thrived in late Qing and the early years of the Republic of China,working its way up in the towns and villages in Sichuan.The 1910s and the 1930s witnessed the expansion of the Shiquan Charity Association,influenced by a number of factors,including the unique political structure of Sichuan,the weak government engagement,the frequent occurrence of famine,the huge size of the disadvantaged population,and the increasing demand for relief.On the other hand,the cultural and intellectual atmosphere in the local society of Sichuan also contributed to the development of the association.Later,following the unification of the central government operations in Sichuan,the central government forced its influence on Sichuan and Sichuan Province submitted to the central government,the Shiquan Charity Association as anon-governmental charity institution gradually declined.