近代“译名”问题:存疑、释疑与设疑

The Intriguing Question of New Terms Translation in Modern China: Initiatives, Methodology and Content

"译名"即"名"之翻译或翻译之"名"。前者作为新语言环境中的"制名"行为,是"未善而有善"的秩序再造和认同重构。后者是思想交互、吸纳、对抗和冥合的结果,是知识生产的缩影。近代"译名"问题以纷呈杂糅的近代思想谱系承继、汉语自身"接触性"演变以及近代知识生产的现代转型为背景,是多向度的跨学科研究,亦是基础性研究。求解"译名是何"以及"译名何为"是近代"译名"问题的基本任务,可分三步进行:考察近代复杂的"译名"现象,还原碎片化的近代"译名"话语是第一步,分析和发现近代学人关于"名实""名义"以及名与真理之"是"的相关认识是第二步,呈现"译名"背后近代学人对知识之真理性的理解和追求是第三步。推进近代"译名"问题的关键在于同时把握"译"与"名"两个基本向度,正视跨语际实践中思想的冲突、交互和传承,如此既能通过"翻译"这一枢纽,更好地理解近代学人的文化焦虑、思想纠葛和社会责任,亦能从根本上呈现出"译名"问题的内部结构和学理意义。

New Terms Translation in modern China is quite problematic in its situated historical context involving both political revolution and intellectual struggles.The intermingled relationship between intellectual histories,the evolution of Chinese language and knowledge production makes studies of New Terms Translation in modern China a so-called configuration.Anyhow,the premise of this intriguing question is to reconstruct the discourses about and on new terms translation in the interplays of languages,cultures,politics and ideas.Studies of new terms translation in modern China should take two approaches.It can refer to 1)the is approach.2)the ought approach.The objective of the first is to investigate the aims,strategies and reception of the new terms translation so as to acknowledge how Chinese intellects deal with those paradoxes between reference and substances as well as references and connotation.The second brings to light how the notion of Truth came to exist in its first place in modern China by derivation of ought from is.