摘要
科研伦理面临一对矛盾:一方面是全球化背景下科学研究需要国际合作,另一方面是伦理原则在不同的文化背景中存在差异。就人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范来说,目前西方社会伦理原则占据主导性地位。本文追溯了人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范在西方国家的兴起以及在中国的传播过程,发现中国在制定法规时呈现出了接纳与调适的复杂过程:一是出于发展生物科技的压力,在主体框架上接受了西方国家的伦理规范原则;二是中国文化对胚胎的道德地位、知情同意原则理解不同,因而在制定规范时采取了模糊、矛盾和妥协的策略。本文认为,人类胚胎干细胞研究伦理规范应该建立在尊重文化多样性的基础上,中国等非西方国家应该尽早介入到协商之中。
Scientific research ethics are faced with a pair of contradictions.On the one hand,scientific research needs international cooperation in the background of globalization;on the other hand,there are differences in ethical principles among different cultural backgrounds.In terms of the ethical norms of research on human embryonic stem cells,the ethical principles of western society occupy a dominant position.This paper traces the rise of ethical norms of human embryonic stem cell research in western countries and their spread in China.It finds that China has presented a complicated process of acceptance and adjustment when it comes to the formulation of related laws and regulations.Firstly,with the pressure of developing biotechnology,we accept the framework of ethical norms of Western countries when formulating our own laws and regulations.Secondly,difference in understanding of the moral status of embryos and the principle of informed consent is obvious in Chinese culture so that we adopt ambiguous,contradictory and compromise strategies in formulating norms.This article holds that the ethical norms of human embryonic stem cell research should be based on respect for the cultural diversity,and furthermore non-Western countries such as China should be involved in the negotiation earlier.
作者
陈睿
胡志强
Chen Rui;Hu Zhiqiang(School of Humanities,Uninersity of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
