单胃动物肠道细菌对氨基酸的代谢作用

The Role of Gut Bacteria of Monogastric Animals in Amino Acid Metabolism

单胃动物肠道内寄居着各种各样的微生物,在健康状态下与宿主处于共生关系。肠道微生物通过对宿主日粮中蛋白质等含氮化合物进行发酵,产生一系列代谢产物,不但可以为自身生长提供氮源,也可为宿主提供某些氨基酸,以消除日粮中氨基酸缺乏带来的不良影响。本文综述了几个主要氨基酸家族的合成途径、参与其中的主要菌种和酶类及宿主动物对肠道微生物合成氨基酸的吸收和利用。

Monogastric animals contain a highly diverse number of different bacteria,which show positive symbiosis with the hosts in a health condition.Gut bacteria can produce a range of intestinal metabolites via protein and nitrogen compounds fermentation,some known to provide nitrogen sources for themselves and amino acids for the hosts.Bacterial production of amino acids that are accessible to the host may be useful to compensate indispensable amino acid deficiency in low quality protein diets.To get a deeper understanding of the role of gut bacteria in amino acid biosynthesis using nitrogen compounds in diets,the present review provides a systematic description of the dominant gut bacteria,enzymes and pathways involved in several important amino acid families metabolism.In addition,the absorption and utilization of the host animals to microbial amino acids from intestine were reviewed briefly in this paper.