不同光照节律和光照强度对肉鸡生产性能和肉品质的影响

Effects of Light Schedules and Intensity on Production and Quality of Broilers

本试验旨在研究不同光照节律和光照强度对白羽肉鸡生产性能、胴体品质和肉品质的影响。选用720只1日龄肉鸡,随机分成6组,每组3个重复,每个重复40只。试验采用3(光照时间)×2(光照强度)因子设计,各个处理组从第4日龄分别采用3种光照节律和2种光照强度,即常规光照(20L:4D)、间歇光照(3L:1D)和变程光照,光照强度分别为5 lux和10 lux。试验期42 d。结果表明:与常规光照组相比,在光照强度5 lux下,间歇光照组和变程光照组可显著提高肉鸡平均体增重、胸肌重、胸肌率和腿肌重、腿肌率(P<0.05),并显著降低耗料增重比、腹脂重、腹脂率、黄度(P<0.05),但各试验组亮度、红度、剪切力、pH、滴水损失率和蒸煮损失率差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上,在光照强度5 lux下,间歇光照和变程光照都能提高肉鸡出栏品质,提高养殖的经济效益。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different lighting schedules and intensity on the production.A total of 720 one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into 6 treatments,which were replicated 3 times.3 lighting schedules were initiated at the 4th day of age:conventional lighting(20L:4D),intermittent lighting(3L:1D)and variable lighting,and 2 kinds of light intensity were initiated(5 lux and 10 lux respectively).The whole experiment lasted 42 days.The present study found that compared with the conventional lighting and under the light intensity of 5 lux,the average body weight of the groups,the breast muscle weight and percentage,the thigh muscle weight and percentage with the intermittent lighting and the variable lighting were significantly improved(P<0.05),the feed-weight ratio,the abdominal fat weight and percentage,the yellowness b*of the groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05),but the brightness L*,the redness a*,the shear force,pH,drip loss rate and cooking loss rate were not significantly different between each groups(P>0.05).In summary,under the light intensity of 5 Lux,intermittent and variable lighting could improve the broiler quality and economic benefits.