蒙古栎床层燃烧排放PM2.5及影响因子

Influence Factors on PM_(2.5) Emissions from Quercus mongolica Broad Leaves Fuel Bed Burning

为了研究森林火灾对大气环境中PM_(2.5)的贡献量,以及不同火环境下PM_(2.5)的变化特征。以帽儿山地区蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)人工林地表枯落叶为研究对象,通过对可燃物含水率、可燃物载量和风速的控制,在燃烧室内进行144次点烧实验。结果表明:蒙古栎阔叶床层燃烧排放PM_(2.5)质量浓度最大值为11.416 7 mg·m^(-3);可燃物含水率、可燃物载量和风速与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈显著正相关;可燃物含水率与风速的交互作用对PM_(2.5)浓度的影响极显著,但可燃物含水率与可燃物载量、可燃物载量与风速的交互作用对PM_(2.5)质量浓度的影响均不显著;可燃物载量与可燃物消耗量存在显著的相关性,其他因子影响均不显著;可燃物消耗量与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈显著的负相关。蒙古栎阔叶燃烧对大气颗粒物污染有明显的贡献,4个影响因子(可燃物含水率、可燃物载量、风速和可燃物消耗量)与PM_(2.5)质量浓度存在相关性,可作为预报因子。

In order to study the contribution of forest fire to PM 2.5 in atmospheric environment,we analyzed the change characteristics of the PM 2.5 under different fire environment.We studied the dead leaves on the surface of the Quercus mongolica plantation in Maoer Mountains,and carried out 144 experiments in the combustion chamber with the control variables of fuel moisture content,fuel load and wind speed.The maximum concentration of PM 2.5 was 11.416 7 mg·m-3;the moisture content,forest fuel load and wind speed were positively correlated with PM 2.5 concentration;moisture content and wind speed have insignificant interaction effect on PM 2.5 concentration,but between moisture content and forest fuel load as well as forest fuel load and wind speed have not.In addition to the significant correlation between load and fuel consumption,other factors were not significant;by partial correlation analysis,it indicates that the fuel consumption is negatively correlated with PM 2.5 concentration.Burning Q.mongolica broad leaves have significant effects on particulate pollution in the atmosphere.There are correlations between PM 2.5 concentration and four influence factors.