既得利益、多重动机与分享经济治理:中国城市网约车监管政策的实证研究

Incumbent Interest,Multi-motivations,and the Governance of Sharing Economy: An Empirical Analysis of Urban Regulations of Ride-hailing Services in China

以网约车为代表的分享经济创新了商业模式、改善了用户服务体验并创造了新型就业,却受到政府部门的严苛监管。为什么各地政府会对新兴经济采取不同的态度并使用不同的政策?本文以网约车为例,使用中国近300个地级以上城市的多源数据,实证分析了监管严格程度的影响因素。我们发现出租车行业的既得利益在很大程度上影响了地方政府的政策选择,而对网约车的多重动机则塑造了地方政府的监管风格。这些研究发现有助于我们理解政府对分享经济的监管立场,并为推进分享经济发展提供了政策建议。

The sharing economy has been innovating business models,improving users'experience,and creating new job opportunities,but it is stringently regulated by government.Why did local governments adopt diverging policies in regulating the sharing economy?In this paper,we use the case of ride-hailing service to empirically the antecedents of local regulatory stringency.Our quantitative analysis of multisource data of nearly 300 cities in China reveal that incumbent interest of the taxi industry,together with local governments'varying motivations,jointly shape local regulatory styles of ride-hailing service.The findings help understand the regulatory practices of local governments,and generate helpful policy implications for developing the sharing economy.