对立还是共生:政府与社会组织间的信任关系研究

Opposition or Symbiosis:Research on Trust Relationship between Government and Social Organizations

在现实的合作情境中,传统的单维度视角无法解释合作双方之间复杂的信任关系。通过对《中国NGO口述史》的文献考察,可以将"信任"与"不信任"作为两个独立维度来考量政府与社会组织间的信任关系。通过分析发现,"信任"与"不信任"是政府与社会组织间信任关系的共生态,社会组织既接受政府权威,同时质疑政府的部分理念和作风;依赖政府,同时表达独立性的愿景;配合政府的工作,同时制约政府行动;与政府理性交流,同时保持审慎观望。而政府则给予社会组织一定的活动空间,但严格监控其行为;为社会组织提供不同形式的资助,但是条件苛刻甚至口实不一;依靠社会组织展开部分工作,但是态度傲慢甚至任人唯亲。双方的信任关系处于一种矛盾结构:政府对社会组织"低信任/高不信任"共存,而社会组织对政府兼具"高信任/高不信任"。要构建良性的信任关系,制度化是根本出路。

In real cooperation scenarios,traditional single-dimension perspective cannot fully explain the complex trust relationship between cooperators.This article takes Oral History of NGOs in China as the data resources,and considers trust and distrust as two independent dimensions to measure the relationship between the government and social organizations.Through analysis,it has been found that trust and distrust are the common ecology of the trust relationship between the government and social organizations.Social organizations accept governmental authority,challenge the government’s some ideas and working style;rely on the government,and express the vision of independence at the same time;cooperate with the governmental actions,at the same time restricting government actions and communicate rationally with the government,while maintaining a cautious wait-and-see.While the government gives social organizations a certain amount of room for activities,but strictly monitors their behavior;provides different forms of funding,but with harsh conditions even inconsistent;relies on social organizations to do some of their work,but with arrogant attitude even nepotism.The relationship of trust between these two parties is in a paradoxical structure:the government coexists with the low trust/high distrust of social organizations,while the social organizations has high trust/high distrust with the government.To build a sound relationship of trust,institutionalization is the only important way.