国际援助对受援国国际移民的影响

Foreign Aid from Donor Country and Its Effect on International Migration of Recipient Country

利用1980—2010年49个受援国所接收的国际援助与其向援助国的国际移民数据,对国际援助如何影响发展中国家向发达国家的移民进行了实证研究。研究结果表明:第一,受援国所接收的国际援助对于其向援助国的国际移民起到了正面的促进作用,而且这一影响对男性移民和女性移民都成立。第二,就移民总体而言,官方发展援助对国际移民存在着促进作用,但是非官方发展援助却具有抑制作用。但是,这一援助资金的结构性差异在不同受教育程度的移民群体的分样本分析中却不存在。尽管如此,受援国国内经济环境对高教育移民者的移民决策却是依赖于国际援助的不同资金类型。第三,根据受援国经济发展不同阶段,国际援助对国际移民的影响效应具有"U"型非线性特征。

Using the panel data of foreign aid from America to 49 developing countries and the international migration data from those countries to America from 1980 to 2010,this paper empirically analyzes the effect of foreign aid on international labor movement from recipient countries.The empirical results show that;firstly,there is positive effect of total foreign aid obtained from America on the total population immigrated to America and this connection holds both for male or female immigrants.Secondly,as for as migration is concerned,official development assistance(ODA)has a promoting effect on international migration,but unofficial development aid(non-ODA)has an inhibiting effect.However,ODA and non-ODA foreign aid have opposite effect on total immigration regarding the total migration,while this contractual feature is not found in the subsample analysis in terms of education level.In spite of this,the migration decision of highly educated individuals are highly sensitive to the types of foreign aid.Thirdly,it also demonstrates that there was a U-shape nonlinearity between foreign aid and foreign immigration under various development levels of recipient country as a threshold variable.