地理国情综合区划体系:维度、指标与应用

Comprehensive Regionalization System of Geographic Conditions:Dimension,Index and Application

地理国情普查与监测数据的日益完善为掌握国土空间地表自然和人文地理国情信息提供了坚实基础。然而,地理国情评价与数据应用面临着内容不统一和目标不明确等问题,科学合理地评价地理国情,并根据不同区域地理国情的相似性和差异性进行分区指导,对于实现国土空间格局有序开发与各类资源高效配置具有重要意义。该文基于地理国情的系统复杂性、要素关联性和空间层次性,提出"四维三区一联动"的地理国情综合区划体系:四维即资源保障维、经济发展维、城乡建设维和生态保护维;三区即一级基本国情区、二级城乡国情区和三级综合国情区;一联动即形成基于地理国情时空和要素的一体化联动监测分区。该区划体系很好地融合了新型城镇化、城乡一体化和生态绿色化的核心内容与发展战略,根据评价维度与层次,可开展针对不同尺度地理国情数量结构、空间格局与地域功能的分类监控,实现城市、农业与生态三大空间的有序管理。

Geographic conditions is an important part of basic national conditions.It reveals the spatiotemporal evolution and internal relationships of socio-economic development using surveying and mapping,statistics and analysis on geographic features.It is easy to learn geographic information on natural terrain and anthropogenic activity with the improving of geographic national census and monitoring data.However,the issues,including disunity contents on evaluation and ambiguous targets on implications,constrain the values of geographic data.How to guide regional development according to the similarity and discrepancy of geographic conditions among regions,has become an urgent issue in China.Undoubtedly,it plays a key role in orderly developing land space pattern and effectively arranging resources.To fill the gap,this study proposed a comprehensive regionalization system of geographic conditions based on system complexity,elements linkage and spatial hierarchy.It featured with four dimensions,three levels,and one linkage.The former referred to resources guarantee,economic development,urban-rural construction,and ecological protection.The middle included basic national conditions,urban-rural conditions,and comprehensive conditions.The latter meant integrated linkage of monitoring division based on space-time and elements of geographic conditions.The proposed regionalization system orderly integrated the key contents and development strategy of new-type urbanization,urban-rural integration and ecological green.The top-down decision process and the bottom-up spatial integration were well organized in the system,which improved the operability in practice.The quantitative structure,spatial patterns and regional functions for different scales could be monitored separately according to adjusting the evaluation dimensions and levels.It will provide importance guidance for order management of urban,agricultural and ecological space.