高等教育投入模式的国际比较研究

The Patterns of Investment in Higher Education:A Comparative Study

基于2005—2015年的相关数据,发现OECD国家的高等教育投入模式分为三种模式:政府投入占绝对主导地位的北欧模式、以政府投入为主的欧洲大陆模式和以非政府投入为主的非欧洲模式。我国当前的高等教育投入模式与俄罗斯相似度较高,接近于欧洲大陆模式,但政府投入占高等教育投入的比例偏低而社会投入占高等教育投入的比例偏高。未来我国的高等教育投入政策宜更多的借鉴欧洲大陆国家(包括俄罗斯)的经验,加强政府投入的努力程度和主导作用,适当提高学费水平并建立学费的动态调整机制。

This paper explores the patterns of investment in higher education by using international data during the period from 2005 to 2015.It is found that there are three patterns in OECD countries:the Northern-Europe Pattern with the highest share of government investment;the Continental-Europe Pattern in which the government is the main source;and the Non-Europe Pattern in which non-government investment is the main source.The ways China and Russia invest in higher education are similar to the Continental-Europe Pattern,but the shares of government investment are relatively low.Through this comparison,we suggest that China should learn more from continental European countries including Russia;that the government should give more investment in higher education;and that the tuition should be raised.