九一八事变后日本政党的改造与变质

The Transformation and Deterioration of Japanese Party after the September 18th Incident

九一八事变后,日本国内局势动荡,政党内阁无力主导政治,政友会与民政党的联合因各种分歧难以达成。政党与军部、官僚等势力对抗,但又不能真正决裂。在"举国一致"政治下,政党人士提出自我改造理念,如床次竹二郎的政党"大同团结"、久原房之助的一国一党论、永井柳太郎的组建新党等,虽有强化政党、恢复政治势力之意图,却反而削弱了自身正当性,政党已然变质。政党改造理念与"强力政治"、国家统制等构想相契合,无形中推动了近代日本政治朝向法西斯统治。

After the September 18th Incident,the Japanese domestic situation was turbulent,the political party cabinet was unable to lead the political and the political association and the militia tried to unite because various disagreements were difficult to achieve.The political parties confronted with the military,bureaucrats and other forces,but they could not really broke with them.In the politics of“national unanimity”,political parties put forward the concept of self-transformation,such as the integration and solidarity of Tokonami TakejirōParty,Kuhara Bonosuke’s theory of“one nation,one party”,Nagai Ryutaro’s forming new party etc.,which would have strengthened political parties and restored political forces.However,they actually weakened their own legitimacy and the political parties have gone bad.The idea of political party transformation matched with the the“mighty politics”,national control and other ideas,which virtually promoted the modern Japanese politics toward the fascist rule.