战时思潮与教育公正——英国1944年教育改革动因探析

Trends in Wartime and Education Justice——An analysis of the 1944 education reform in Britain

在20世纪英国教育改革的进程中,战争起到了重要的推动作用。以第二次世界大战为例,它从多种角度和层面促进了英国社会各阶级平等化的趋势,一种和平时期根本不具有的人人平等的思潮蔓延开来,社会各界普遍要求教育改革。1944年8月3日,充分体现"教育是一项人权"、"教育面前人人平等"精神的教育法案获准通过。1944年教育法案成为英国战后40多年教育领域的奠基石,它为"人人受中等教育"这一目标的实现奠定了坚实的法律基础,极大地促进了英国教育的公正与平等。

In the process of the educational reform of British in the 20 th century,wars had played an important role.Taking the Second World War as an example,it promoted the trend of equality of all classes in British society from various angles and levels,a sense of universal equality that had not been seen in peacetime spread,and there was a general public demand for educational reform.On August 3,1944,the education bill,fully reflecting the spirit of“education is a human right”and“everyone is equal before education”,was passed.The Education Act of 1944 became the cornerstone of Britain’s education domain for more than 40 years after the World War II,it not only laid a solid legal foundation for the realization of the goal of“everyone is to accept secondary education”,but also greatly promoted the justice and equality of British education.