禅宗的“悟”与音乐心理——禅宗音乐美学思想研究之二

Studies on Zen's Theory of Music Aesthetics

禅宗哲学强烈的实践性,导致其对语言持否定态度,主张"不立文字",且"第一义不可说"。禅宗对音乐亦如是,认为音乐所表现的思想情感往往是语言无法触及的,尽管有时候语言也可以起到启发、引导的作用,但引导之后,应"随说随扫",而代之以自己的亲身体验。这种体验属于"心"的功能,其高峰状态即是"悟"。"悟"本质上是本心的自我显现,但往往需要借助导师或经典的接引,通过"以心印心",将内心"放空",实现自我的"更新"。禅宗认为,音乐的诸种活动,无论是创作、欣赏还是传承,都只有在"悟"的基础上才能获得真正成功。而"悟"的一个突出特点,就是它始终伴随着感性体验,具有强烈的身体化倾向。

The strong practicality of Zen philosophy leads to its negative attitude towards language.It advocates"no writing"and"the first meaning is unspeakable".The same is true of Zen to music.The thoughts and feelings expressed by music are often beyond the reach of language.Although sometimes language can also play a role of inspiration and guidance,but they should be immediately replace with one’s own experience.This kind of experience belongs to the function of"heart",and its peak state is"understanding"."Understanding"is essentially the self-manifestation of the original heart,but often needs the help of a mentor or a classic to connect with the heart and,through"heart to heart",to achieve the self"renewal".According to Zen,all kinds of activities of music,whether creation,appreciation or inheritance,can be truly successful only on the basis of"understanding".One of the outstanding features of"understanding"is that it is always accompanied by perceptual experience.