弦鼗的演变与汉族琉特类弹弦乐器的发展

The Evolution of the Xian Tao and the Development of the Han Nationality's Lute-like Plucked String Instruments

汉族弹弦乐器定型与定名并不是一蹴而就的,本文梳理由秦末至南宋涉乐史料,以"弦鼗"一词的含义变迁入手,探索宋代以前汉族琉特类弹弦乐器的形制流变过程与承续关系,指出鼗与三弦的形制共性、阮咸的传承无序、两种起源说所传达的同类乐器分流信息、唐宋文献记载混淆等问题,力图还原汉族琉特类弹弦乐器在由晋至宋这一段发展关键期的发展脉络。

The shaping and naming of the Han nationality’s plucked string instruments are not achieved over one morning.This article combs through the historical materials of the Qin Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty,starting with the changes of the meaning of the word"xian tao",and explores the relationship between the formation and succession of the lute-like plucked string instruments of the Han nationality before the song dynasty.It further points out the commonality of the shape of the Tao and the San Xian,the disorder of the development of the Ruan Xian,the diverging information of the same kind of instruments conveyed by the two origins,and the confusion of the records in the Tang and Song Dynasties in an attempt to restore the developmental paths of the Han Dynasty’s lutelike plucked string instruments in the periods from Jin to Song.