非核心教学社会化:“互联网+”时代的教学组织结构变革

Socialization of Non-core Instruction: Structure Transformation of Instructional Organization in the "Internet + " Era

全球化推动了高等学校在全球教育市场的竞争。在经历了后勤与管理服务社会化改革后,教学社会化在非精英大学开始显露端倪,聘请兼职教师授课、联合企业研发与运维课程、购买教学资源与服务成为高校集约资源的竞争策略。本文从国际比较与组织发展的视角探讨高校非核心教学社会化的趋势与问题,重点关注教学系统设计、教学体系重构、组织结构变革、学习环境再造、学习评价变革五个维度的教学组织变革社会化倾向。与"互联网+"时代的企业组织一样,高校同样关注产品、服务、数据三个维度的竞争。借助研发社会化、服务社会化、信息社会化的途径,高校可以合理评估教学的交易成本,推动教学组织结构变革,这将有助于推动高校关注核心使命、提升竞争优势,在高校间以及与外部组织的竞争中赢得发展机会与空间。

Globalization has promoted the higher education competition in the global market.After the socialization reform of logistics and management services,the socialization of instruction in non-elite universities has begun to emerge.Employing part-time teachers to teach,developing and implementing curricula cooperated with enterprises,and purchasing courses and services have become a competitive strategy by utilizing sources economically.This paper discusses the trends and problems about the socialization of non-core instruction in universities,from the perspective of international comparison and organizational development.We mainly focus on the socialization tendency in the reform of instructional organization in five dimensions:the design of teaching system,the reconstruction of instructional system,the reform of organizational structure,the re-engineering of the learning environment,and the reform of learning evaluation.Like the enterprise organization in the"Internet+"Era,universities are also concerned about the competition in the product,service,and data.With the socialization of R&D,service and information,universities can reasonably evaluate the transaction cost of instruction,and promote the transformation of instructional organization structure,which is important to focus on core mission,improve competitive advantages,and obtain the development opportunities and space in the competition among universities and other types of organizations.