氯化苦熏蒸处理对土壤氮素和微量元素转化的影响

Effects of chloropicrin treatment on the transformation ofsoil nitrogen and trace elements

利用室内培养试验研究农药市场使用广泛的氯化苦熏蒸剂对土壤氮素和微量元素转化的影响。结果表明,低中高三种浓度的氯化苦药剂熏蒸处理后均能显著增加土壤中无机氮总量和有效态锰素、钴素的含量,对无机氮的影响主要是增加土壤中铵态氮(NH^+_4-N)含量,而对硝态氮(NO^-_3-N)影响较小。相比于对照组,氯化苦低量、常量和高量处理后土壤中无机氮总量分别增加了17.25、30.8 mg/kg和34.16 mg/kg;氯化苦低量、常量和高量处理后土壤中有效态锰素含量分别增加了18.21、22.84 mg/kg和26.92 mg/kg;氯化苦低量、常量和高量处理后土壤有效态钴素含量分别增加了50.06、66.98μg/kg和87.36μg/kg。显然,氯化苦药剂熏蒸处理短期内会增加土壤中植物易于利用形态氮素、锰素和钴素含量,出现"肥料效应"。

Laboratory incubation was used to study the effects of chloropicrin on the transformation of soil nitrogen and trace elements,which was of wide application in pesticide market.The experimental results showed that low,standard and high concentrations of chloropicrin treatment significantly increased the total inorganic nitrogen content and available manganese and cobalt content in soil.Chloropicrin fumigation mainly had impact on the content of ammonium nitrogen(NH+4-N)and had little effect on nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N)content in soil.Compared with the control group,the total content of inorganic nitrogen in the soil treated with low,standard and high concentration of chloropicrin increased by 17.25 mg/kg,30.8 mg/kg and 34.16 mg/kg,respectively.The content of available manganese in the soil treated with low,standard and high concentration of chloropicrin increased by 18.21 mg/kg,22.84 mg/kg and 26.92 mg/kg,respectively.The content of available cobalt in the soil treated with low,standard and high concentration of chloropicrin increased by 50.06μg/kg,66.98μg/kg and 87.36μg/kg,respectively.It is evident that chloropicrin fumigation treatment increased the available form of nitrogen,manganese and cobalt content in plants in the short term,which is called“fertilizer effect”.