释放方法对异色瓢虫防控辣椒桃蚜效果的影响

Effects of releasing Harmonia axyridis on the control of peach aphid on pepper

为探讨在设施栽培条件下,释放异色瓢虫防治辣椒上桃蚜的防治条件及综合防治效果,本文研究了温室条件下,异色瓢虫不同释放密度和释放次数对桃蚜及烟粉虱种群动态、辣椒生长势等方面的影响。结果表明:异色瓢虫高密度(0.31卡/m^2)释放两次对辣椒上桃蚜种群具有很好的控制效果,低密度(0.25卡/m^2)释放3次和10%吡虫啉WP 450 g/hm^2处理的效果次之,而低密度(0.25卡/m^2)释放两次对辣椒上蚜虫的控制效果最差;随着处理时间的延长,10%吡虫啉WP 450 g/hm^2处理的防效逐渐降低,而瓢虫高密度释放(处理Ⅱ)和低密度释放3次(处理Ⅲ)仍维持较高的防效,分别为90.04%和85.29%,显著高于药剂处理组;释放瓢虫的3个处理组的烟粉虱种群密度一直处于较低的水平,显著低于药剂处理组;天敌释放组(处理Ⅱ和Ⅲ)和药剂处理组的植株生长势较好,叶片数和株高均显著高于其他各组。天敌释放组(处理Ⅱ和Ⅲ)辣椒产量也显著高于其他处理。本研究结果可为辣椒上蚜虫的生物防治提供依据。

In order to clarify the control conditions and comprehensive control effect of releasing Harmonia axyridis under protected cultivation,the population dynamic of peach aphid,control effects,pepper growth potential and yield,the occurrence of other pests were investigated at different release densities and release times of natural enemy.The results showed that the high-density(0.31 card/m 2)release of H.axyridis twice had the best control effect on the aphid,followed by the low-density(0.25 card/m 2)release three times and the imidacloprid 10%WP treatment group,and the lowest was the low-density(0.25 card/m 2)release twice.The control effect of the imidacloprid 10%WP 450 g/hm 2 treatment was decreased with the prolonging of time,while the high-density release twice group and the low-density release three times group(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)had higher control effects,with the efficacies of 90.04%and 85.29%respectively,significantly higher than that of the pesticide control group.The population density of Bemisia tabaci in the three groups treated with ladybirds was at a low level,which was remarkable lower than that of the pesticide control.The pepper of natural enemy release groups(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)and pesticide control grew well.The number of leaves and plant height were significantly higher than that of the other groups.The yields of pepper in the natural enemy release group(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)were also remarkably higher than those in the other groups.The results can provide technical support for the biological control of peach aphid on pepper by releasing H.axyridis.