基于综合指数法的保定市地表水资源脆弱性评价

Evaluation of vulnerability of surface water resources in Baoding based on comprehensive index method

根据地表水资源脆弱性内涵及保定市地表水资源的特点,从自然脆弱性、人为脆弱性和承载脆弱性三个方面选取10项评价指标。利用层次分析法确定各指标权重,基于综合指数法结合GIS/RS技术对保定市地表水资源脆弱性进行了定量评价。结果表明,保定市地表水资源总体上呈现出较为脆弱的态势,其中以保定市西北部、西部、中部偏东及东南部地区表现得最为明显。根据脆弱性结构,将这些地区分成自然脆弱性主导型地区、人为脆弱性主导型地区和承载脆弱性主导型地区三类。针对自然和人为脆弱性主导型地区,提出加快水利设施建设、扩大绿化面积等对策;针对承载脆弱性主导型地区,提出控制用水总量和人口增长、淘汰落后产能、发展节水技术、宣传节水知识等对策。

According to the connotation of surface water resources vulnerability and the characteristics of surface water resources in Baoding,10 evaluation indexes are selected from three aspects:natural vulnerability,human vulnerability and burden vulnerability.The weight of each index is calculated by AHP,and the vulnerability of surface water resources is quantitatively evaluated by comprehensive index method and GIS/RS technology.The results show that the surface water resources in Baoding are generally vulnerable,and the most vulnerable areas are the northwestern,western,east-central,and southeastern parts of Baoding.According to the vulnerability structure,these areas are divided into three categories:natural vulnerability-dominant areas,human vulnerability-dominant areas and burden vulnerability-dominant areas.For the natural vulnerability-dominant and human vulnerability-dominant areas,some countermeasures are put forward such as construction of water conservancy facilities and expansion of afforestation area;for the burden vulnerability-dominant areas,this paper proposes controlling water consumption and population growth,eliminating backward production capacity,developing water-saving technologies and promoting water-saving knowledge.