非编码RNA调节羊绒细度候选基因的研究进展

Research Progress on Cashmere Fineness Candidate Genes Regulating by Non-coding RNA

羊绒细度是评价羊绒品质和衡量羊绒价格的关键数量性状,近年来,随着羊绒细度功能标记基因的深入研究,通过高通量数据解析及全基因组关联分析,逐步筛选出羊绒细度性状的候选基因,但是羊绒细度关键调控基因、表达量及分子调节机制尚未明了。基因表达受多种调节因子调控,其中非编码RNA的调节作用比较活跃,主要包括microRNA、lncRNA和circRNA等。经高通量测序和生物信息分析发现,非编码RNA在绒山羊品种间和品种内的不同羊绒细度个体皮肤、次级毛囊及次级毛囊周期性生长发育中差异表达并调节羊绒细度相关靶基因,但多种非编码RNA共同调节同一靶基因的信号通路甚少。目前通过对羊绒细度差异基因进行SNP标记辅助选择、转录组筛选、高通量解析非编码RNA调节及全基因组关联分析等相关研究发现,两两通路聚焦相同的羊绒细度靶基因较多,两条通路以上共同聚焦到某个或某几个羊绒细度的关键靶基因较少。作者主要讨论了羊绒细度候选基因及转录水平上microRNA、lncRNA和circRNA对羊绒细度相关靶基因分子调控机制的研究进展。

Cashmere fineness is the key quantitative trait to evaluate cashmere quality and cashmere price.In recent years,with the intensive study of cashmere fineness functional marker genes and through the genome-wide association analysis,the candidate genes of fineness traits of cashmere were gradually screened out.But the key regulated genes,their expression levels and molecular regulation mechanisms of cashmere fineness have not been resolved.Gene expression is regulated by a variety of regulatory factors.The regulation of non-coding RNA is more active,it mainly includes microRNA,lncRNA and circRNA.High throughput sequencing and biological information analysis discovered that non-coding RNA is differential expressed and regulated of related target genes of skin,secondary hair follicle and the development of secondary hair follicle in periodic growth in different cashmere fineness of individual in cashmere goat breeds and varieties.At present,the related researchs of using SNP marker,transcriptional screening,high throughput analytical non-coding RNA and genome-wide association analysis to selected differential genes of cashmere fineness have found that the same cashmere fineness target genes focus on two pathways were more,but it was very rare to cover two or more passages.In this paper,the authors mainly discussed the research progress on molecular regulation mechanism of cashmere fineness candidate genes,and microRNA,lncRNA and circRNA on cashmere fineness related target genes at transcriptional level.