叠前P波方位各向异性裂缝检测软件研制与应用

Development and application of prestack seismic fracture detection software based on P-wave azimuthal anisotropy

以P波通过HTI介质中的裂隙时所表现出的方位各向异性特征为基础,研究了叠前裂缝检测方法及流程,介绍了自主研发的叠前方位各向异性裂缝检测软件产品。该软件采用面向集成环境的组件式模型架构方法研制,形成了以中心组件为核心的2个服务组件和7个应用组件,有效弥补了传统面向对象的软件设计方法在研发规模、开发效率、升级维护方面的不足;开发了特有的自由方位划分功能,为窄方位观测系统方位覆盖分布不均这一瓶颈问题提供了有效的解决方案;无需第三方工具介入,从点、线、面联合分析入手,配合丰富的图形展示和有效的质量控制手段,可以进行全方位的交互体验。在四川盆地某三维工区叠前裂缝检测研究与软件测试中,利用该软件反演的成果成功揭示了目标层位的裂缝平面展布规律,详细刻画了任意范围内的裂缝走势。与叠后裂缝检测方法对比显示,两者对于平面网状断裂系统中的大尺度断裂检测结果非常吻合,验证了叠前检测方法以及软件功能的准确性与可靠性;对于较小尺度、数量庞大的小型断裂或微断裂,叠前检测方法反演的效果更好。

Based on P-wave azimuthal anisotropy when it propagating through fractures in a HTI medium,a fracture detection software comprising integrated workflows and matching functions was developed.In terms of software engineering,a plug-in model architecture approach for integrated environments was adopted.Two service components and seven application components with a central core-component were developed to effectively compensate for the deficiencies of traditional object-oriented software design in the areas of development scale,development efficiency,and upgrade maintenance.In the methods and techniques,a specific function for free division of the azimuth was developed to provide an effective solution for uneven azimuth coverage and frequency distribution in narrow azimuth observation systems.In the interpretation workflows,without the involvement of third-party tools,the software combined graphical analysis of a single point,line,and plane,to provide a comprehensive interactive experience for users;abundant graphics display and means for effective quality control were provided as some of the primary functions.Software testing was conducted on fracture detection in a 3D exploration area in the Sichuan basin,China.The inversion results revealed the law of planar distribution of fractures in the target horizons and depicted the fracture trend in detail.For large scale fractures in a planar network fracture system,the prestack inversion results were consistent with those from poststack seismic fracture detection,thus confirming the accuracy and reliability of the software.The proposed prestack detection software performed better when there was a large quantity of small or micro fractures.