改革开放40年小学语文教科书发展的回顾与展望

The Review and Prospect of the Development of Chinese Textbooks in Primary Schools in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up

改革开放40年来,我国小学语文教科书的发展经历了统编规整(1978—1985年)、实验探索(1986—2000年)、改革创新(2001—2010年)、改革深化(2011年至今)四个阶段,其发展特点与演进逻辑表现为:功能定位实现从"教本"到"学本"的转变;内容取向实现从"知识内容"到"涵养人格"的转变;结构范型从"训练项目组元"到"主题组元"再到"双线组织"演变;教科书体系经由"单独成册"转变为"系列丛书"。未来的小学语文教科书的发展趋势是:更加关注学生学习过程,进一步强化教科书的"学本"功能;全面关注学生核心素养发展,体现中国的文化自信与文化自觉;结构范型的进一步优化;进一步注重教科书的立体化开发。

In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,the development of Chinese textbooks in primary schools in China has undergone four stages:the unity(1978-1985),the experimental exploration(1986-2000),the reform and innovation(2001-2010)and the deepening reform(2011-present).Its development features and evolution logic are as follows:the transformation of function orientation from“teaching-based textbook”to“learning-based textbook”,and the change of content orientation from“knowledge content”to“personality cultivation”,the change of structure paradigm from“training project group”to“subject group”then to double-line organization and the change of textbook system from“single volume”to“series of books”.The development trend of language textbooks in primary schools in the future is to pay more attention to the learning process of students,to strengthen the learning-based function of textbooks,and to pay full attention to the development of students’core literacy,reflecting China’s cultural self-confidence and cultural self-consciousness,the further optimization of structural model and the further focus on the development of textbook.