我国学位授权政策价值取向的偏颇及其调整

The Deviation and Adjustment of the Value Orientation of China's Degree Authorization Policy

我国国家学位授权制度以国家价值目标为优先价值选项,这种制度安排存在"学位产权"模糊、"学术价值"偏离、"道德风险"高启等几个方面的问题。解决上述问题,避免价值失真的有效途径是实施学校学位制度。学校学位制度具有学校本位、学术本位、多元主体审核的特点,有利于明晰"学位产权",导向以质量求生存的学位教育市场竞争。从国家学位到学校学位的转变策略有三:一是政府转变观念,实现职能转换;二是清晰界定"学位产权",引入市场竞争;三是培育"第三方评估组织"市场,多方共同治理。

The degree authorization policy in China takes the national value target as the prior value option.This kind of institutional arrangement has several problems,such as the illegibility of“degree property”,the deviation of“academic value”and the increase of“moral hazard”.An effective way to solve the above problems and avoid value distortion is to implement the degree system awarded by school.This system has the characteristics of school-based,academic-based and multi-subject audit.It is conducive to clarifying the“degree property rights”and guiding the degree market competition to survive by quality.There are three strategies for changing from national degree to school degree:the first is that the government should change its concept and realize the transformation of functions;the second is to define clearly the“degree property right”and introduce market competition;the third is to cultivate the“third party evaluation organization”market and administrate it jointly by multiple parties.