摘要
低温胁迫是影响西南喀斯特地区植物生长发育及产量效益的重要因素。为探明西番莲不同品种在生理结构上是否存在差异以及它们在低温胁迫下适应性存在差别的原因,以2个品种及4个基因型的一年生西番莲扦插苗标准株为研究对象,常温下解剖根、茎、叶、花、果实及种子,观察形态结构;并观察2个品种西番莲叶片在不同低温胁迫下的解剖结构,研究叶片形态结构与其抗寒性的关系。结果表明:抗寒品种(平塘1号)及抗寒基因型(黔乡香1、2、3、4号)和不抗寒品种(紫香1号)的解剖结构只在叶片木质部维管束的形态构造上存在明显区别。不同梯度(5. 0、2. 5、0、-2. 5℃)低温胁迫处理后,紫香1号的叶片在未受到冻害损伤前(-2. 5℃处理下紫香1号叶片损伤明显),其长度、宽度和厚度均显著大于平塘1号;紫香1号未明显损伤的低温胁迫处理下,2个品种的蜡质层厚度十分接近,无显著性差异; 2个品种的叶脉维管束长度及宽度无明显变化;紫香1号可承受的低温(5. 0℃)处理下,2个品种叶脉厚度及栅栏组织长度无显著差异,但在紫香1号受冷害的低温(2. 5℃)及更低的冻害温度(0℃和-2. 5℃)下,平塘1号的叶脉厚度和栅栏组织长度极显著大于紫香1号; 2个品种的海绵组织厚度均随着温度的降低不断增加,平塘1号的海绵组织厚度始终小于紫香1号; 2个品种的组织结构紧密度及叶脉突起度均呈显著或极显著差异,随着胁迫温度的不断降低,平塘1号的组织结构紧密度及叶脉突起度的增大比例大于紫香1号; 2个品种的组织结构疏松度在紫香1号明显受冻害前呈显著或极显著差异,受叶片本身大小及厚度影响,平塘1号的组织结构疏松度大于紫香1号。综上所述,抗寒性较强的平塘1号的叶片长、宽较小,叶片较薄而叶脉厚,栅/海比较高,组织结构紧密度及叶脉突起度大;不抗寒品种紫香1号则反之。
Low temperature stress is an important factor affecting plant growth and benefit in southwest Karst.In order to explore whether there were differences in physiological structure of different varieties of Passiflora caerulea L.and their differences in adaptability under low temperature stress,the morphological structures of the roots,stems,leaves,flowers,fruits and seeds of 2 varieties and 4 genotypes were dissected and observed at normal temperature,and the anatomical structures of 2 varieties leaves under different low temperature stress was observed,the relationship between morphologic structure and cold resistance of Passiflora caerulea L.varieties was studied.The results showed that the anatomical structures of cold resistant varieties(Ping Tang 1)and genotypes(Qian Xiang Xiang 1,2,3,4)and non-cold resistant varieties(Zi Xiang 1)were only distinctions in the morphology of vascular bundles in leave s xylem.After treatment with different low temperatures(5.0,2.5,0,-2.5℃),leaf length,width and thickness of Ping Tang 1 were significant smaller than Zi Xiang 1 before freezing injury(5.0,2.5,0℃).There were no significant differences in wax thickness of 2 varieties when Zi Xiang 1 was not damaged.There were no significant changes in length and width of vascular bundles in 2 varieties.There were no significant differences in thickness of vein and length of palisade tissue in 2 varieties at 5.0℃,but at 2.5℃,0℃and-2.5℃,leaf vein thickness and palisade tissue length of Ping Tang 1 were significant larger than those in Zi Xiang 1.Sponge tissue thickness in 2 varieties increased with the decrease of temperature,thickness of the sponge tissue of Ping Tang 1 was always less than that of Zi Xiang 1.Cell tense ratio and vein protuberant degree of the 2 varieties were significantly different,with the constant decrease of temperature,the proportion of cell tense ratio and vein protuberant degree of Ping Tang 1 were greater than those in Zi Xiang 1.The spongy ratio of the 2 varieties showed significant differences before Zi Xiang 1 was obviously frozen,influenced by size and thickness of leaves,the spongy ratio of Ping Tang 1 was greater than Zi Xiang 1.In summary,leaf length and width of the Ping Tang 1 which was cold resistance varieties were smaller,leaves were thinner,leaf veins were thicker,palisade tissue/spongy tissue ratio was higher,cell tense ratio and vein protuberant degree were greater,and Zi Xiang 1 was the opposite.
作者
滕尧
李安定
郝自远
张洪亮
张丽敏
蔡国俊
TENG Yao;LI Anding;HAO Ziyuan;ZHANG Hongliang;ZHANG Limin;CAI Guojun(Institute of Mountain Resources in Guizhou,Guizhou Academy of Scieinces,Guiyang 550001,China;College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Guizhou Academy of Scieinces,Guiyang 550001,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第11期1849-1858,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
贵州省科技厅农业科技攻关项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2525号)
贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2017]2570)
贵州省科技计划(黔科合平台人才[2017]5720)
贵州省基础研究计划(黔科合基础[2018]1148)
广州市科技计划(201604020006)
关键词
西番莲
形态解剖结构
低温胁迫
抗寒性
Passiflora caerulea L.
anatomical structure
low temperature stress
cold resistance