经史之学与清代书院科举文教育

A Study on Confucian Classics and History and Education of Imperial Examination Literary Form in Academy of the Qing Dynasty

清代书院官学化,很多书院重视科举。有些书院虽从事科举文教育,但不唯之是从,而是将科举文教育与经史之学教育结合起来。此举上溯于中国古代社会推崇经史之学的优良传统,根植于孔子"博学于文"的思想主张,来源于以学术导向矫正利禄歪风的迫切要求。生徒只有学充养邃,才会眼界高、气味厚、笔力健。清代一些书院将科举文教育与经史之学教育结合起来,使得生徒学文不是局限于写作技巧的训练,而是拓展为与炼品、践行、培识的结合。这些书院通过教育,能够为社会培养有用人才。

In the Qing Dynasty,academies were officialization,and many academies paid attention to the imperial examination.Some academies engaged in the education of imperial examination literary form could combine it with education of Confucian classics and history.This action can be traced back to the excellent tradition of ancient Chinese society’s respect to classics and history,it was rooted in the idea of“erudite on culture”and came from urgent demand of academic orientation correction of unhealthy tendency.In the Qing Dynasty,some academies combined education of imperial examination literary form with Confucian classics and history,made students learn Chinese literature not confined to the training of writing skills,but combined with cultivating moral character,practice and improving learning.Through education,these academies can cultivate practical talents for the country.