体育活动促进背景下“眼保健操”政策及其实施效果的回顾与展望

Retrospection and Reflection on Eye Exercise School Policies and Their Evidence-Based Effects in the Context of Promoting Physical Activity

作为一项长期实施的教育政策,眼保健操在我国已历经50余年的发展过程。现有的实证研究显示,没有证据表明包括眼保健操在内的视觉训练能够有效预防或减缓近视进展;体育活动在对儿童青少年视力健康发挥作用过程中,“户外”是关键因素。在体育活动促进背景下回顾和展望眼保健操政策,我们不但应该组织力量进行实证研究,检验并公布眼保健操对儿童青少年视力保护的作用效果;探索将10min的室内眼保健操时间,转化为中高强度户外体育活动时间的可行性;同时还要紧紧依托体育活动促进综合施策,避免对眼保健操护眼功效的过度依赖。

Beginning in 1963,the nature of the first set of eye exercises was not universally recognized during the nationwide popularization and promotion process.As a long-term implemented educational policy,the revised twice-daily eye exercises have undergone more than 50 years of development in our country.Current empirical research shows that there is no evidence that visual training,including eye exercises,can significantly curb the onset and progression of myopia;physical activity is a key factor in protecting the visual health of children and adolescents.For eye protection,the most important thing is to encourage them to go outdoors.In the context of promoting physical activity and its effect on the eye exercise policy,we should encourage empirical research,examine the effect of eye exercises on protecting children's vision,and explore the conversion of 10-minute eye exercises to moderate to vigorous physical activity time.It is important to promote physical activity as a comprehensive policy and not rely too much on eye exercises.