活化硼粉的方法研究与进展

Research and Development of Activation Methods of Boron Powder

硼具有较高的质量热值和体积热值,在含能材料领域具有非常好的应用价值;但是硼粉存在易团聚、点火温度高、燃烧效率低等问题,制约了硼的进一步应用。介绍了高能球磨法、溶剂提纯、包覆、添加易燃金属粉、团聚处理和硼化合物取代单质硼6种活化硼粉的方法,并对不同方法所取得的效果做了分析。提出了改性硼粉未来的研究重点,即活化硼粉新方法研究、多种方法相结合改善硼粉的性能以及硼粉的复合等。

Boron is a significant component of energetic materials application due to its high energy release on both a mass and volumetric basis.However,Boron has the disadvantages of easily agglomeration,high ignition temperature and low combustion efficiency,which limit its application.Ball milling,solvent purifying,particle coating,flammable metals addition,agglomeration,and boron substitution by boride were introduced in this article,and the consequence was analyzed for each activation methods.The future research focus on modification of boron powder is highlighted in the aspects of novel activation methods,performance improvement by combined preparation methods,and composition of boron powder.