光的衍射的理论分析及Mathematica仿真模拟

On Theoretical Analysis of Light Diffraction and Its Mathematica Simulation

首先利用旋转矢量从理论上推出了光的多缝干涉的光强分布公式,并将狭缝数N→!,从而得到光的单缝衍射光强分布,进而在多缝干涉和单缝衍射的基础上得到了光栅衍射光强分布.此外,将Mathematica仿真模拟应用到光的衍射课堂教学中.基于Mathematica软件的交互功能,利用Mathematica的Manipulate命令对单缝夫琅禾费衍射和光栅衍射做了仿真模拟,获得了相应的可以调节各参数(如波长、狭缝宽度、光栅常数等)的动态图形.这对学生建立清晰的物理图像,更好地理解光的衍射的物理规律有很好的促进作用.

The intensity distribution of multi slit interference of light has been deduced by rotational vector first,and the intensity distribution of single slit diffraction has been obtained in the condition of the slit number.Then,the intensity distribution of grating diffraction has been obtained on the basis of multi slit interference and single slit diffraction.In addition,the Mathematica simulation has been applied to the class of light diffraction.The Fraunhofer single slit diffraction and diffraction grating have been simulated through the interactive function of Mathematica,and the corresponding dynamic graphics,whose parameters can be adjusted(such as wavelength,slit width,grating constant,diffraction angle)are acquired.This can help the students to establish a clear physical picture in the classroom,to understand the principle of diffraction of light better.