秋水仙素对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果

Study on the mutagenesis effect of colchicine on diploid oats

本研究以两个二倍体燕麦(Avena nudibrevis、A.hispanica)为材料,采用不同秋水仙素浓度(0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%)和不同时间(3、6、9、12、24、36、48h)处理燕麦萌动种子,对种苗的变异率和存活率、根尖细胞染色体加倍情况进行分析,探讨秋水仙素对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果。结果表明,秋水仙素浓度、处理时间及其交互作用对二倍体燕麦的诱变效果均有显著影响(P<0.05)。种苗胚芽和胚根的直径明显增大,但长度急剧缩短。种苗变异率随秋水仙素浓度和处理时间的延长呈增加趋势,但种苗存活率急剧下降,处理时间超过24h后存活率降为0。秋水仙素浓度和处理时间对二倍体燕麦的加倍效果影响显著。经秋水仙素处理后二倍体燕麦出现了二倍体、三倍体和四倍体3种类型的细胞,各种类型所占的比例因供试材料、处理浓度和时间的不同而异。四倍体的诱变率以小粒裸燕麦在0.1%浓度下处理12h最高(22.33%);Zy003619在0.15%浓度下处理9h最高(23.00%)。

In this study,two diploid oat materials were treated with different colchicine concentration(0.05%,0.1%,0.15%,0.2%)and time duration(3,6,9,12,24,36,48 h),the seedling mutation and survival rate,root tip cell chromosome number were investigated.The results showed that colchicine concentration,treatment time duration and their interaction significantly influenced mutation effects(P<0.05).The diameter of plumule and radical increased remarkably,while the length reduced significantly.With the increasing colchicine concentration and treatment time,the mutation rate increased but survival rate decreased sharply.Treatment time longer than 24 h killed all the seedlings.Three types of cells were observed after colchicines treatment,including diploid,triploid and tetraploid.Their ratios varied according to materials,colchicine concentration and treatment time.The highest mutation rate(22.33%)of tetraploid was observed under 0.1%+12 h treatment for Avena nudibrevis;while Zy003619 achieved the highest(23.00%)under 0.15%+9 h treatment.