专家辅助人制度理解误区及完善路径

Misunderstanding of the Expert Assistant System and Related Suggestions

以审判为中心司法改革背景下,专家辅助人制度并没有发挥其设计的价值。实践中发现专家辅助人参与庭审,表现出法官不欢迎、辅助人不愿意、诉讼地位不明确、质证程序混乱及意见不采纳等问题,严重制约了此制度的普及推广。而究其根源是对鉴定意见内涵、专家辅助人角色以及质证程序等法律制度理解存在较大误区。因此,为了促进科学证据采纳及合理采信,建议在专家辅助人制度完善上应从法院备案制度、专家辅助人选拔、立场平衡原则、质证有限参与原则以及辩护意见采纳标准等路径上进行设计,这样才能促进专家辅助人积极走入法庭质证,提高我国司法审判质量,维护司法公正和公民合法权益。

The system of expert assistant has not realized its function as desired under the background of the trial-centered judicial reform.There are some problems in the practice of the expert assistant system,which have severely restricted the application of the system.For example,judges are reluctant to accept the practice;expert assistants are unwilling to be involved;the status of experts in litigation is vague;the cross-examination procedures are not clear and the opinions of the experts are not accepted.The reasons are due to the misunderstanding of the nature of appraisal opinions,the role of the expert assistants,and the procedures of cross-examination.In order to improve the collection and acceptance of scientific evidence,it is suggested that the followings should be considered and designed as the record system in court,the selection of expert assistants,the principle of position balance,the principle of restricted participation through cross-examination,and the standard of adoption of defense opinions.These measures would get the expert assistant to be involved in court trial,and improve the quality of trial,and maintain judicial justice and the lawful rights of the public.