基于图像的电弧波动行为表征及保护气体流量影响规律

Characterization of arc fluctuation behavior based on image and effects of shielding gas flow rate

焊接电弧的波动行为影响焊接工艺过程的稳定性和焊缝成形质量。借助于高速摄像并采用图像处理技术,提出了一种基于电弧图像特征的电弧波动幅度半定量表征方法,研究了保护气体流量对电弧波动的影响规律。试验和分析结果表明,受保护气流影响,电弧的波动行为以横向(电弧宽度方向)波动为主,且随着焊接电流的增加,电弧的综合波动幅度明显下降,但横向波动的比重增大。随着保护气体流量的增大,电弧的波动幅度增加,小电流焊接时,电弧波动对气体流量的变化更为敏感。研究结果可为实际焊接中的保护气体流量选择提供参考和依据。

The fluctuation behavior of welding arc affects the stability of welding process and the quality of weld formation.By the aid of high speed camera and image processing technology,a method of semi-quantitative characterization for the arc fluctuation range based on the arc image feature is proposed,and the influence of shielding gas flow rate on the arc fluctuation is investigated.The experiment and analysis results show that,under the influence of shielding gas flow,the arc fluctuation is mainly performed on the lateral(direction of arc width)swinging,and the comprehensive arc fluctuation range decreases with the increase of welding current significantly,while the proportion of the lateral fluctuation rises.With the increase of shielding gas flow rate,the range of arc fluctuation goes up,and the arc fluctuation is more sensitive to the variation of shielding gas flow rate when welding with lower current.The research results can provide reference and basis for the choice of shielding gas flow rate in the actual welding process.