贫困县“退出难”成因及退出机制设计--基于社会学视角

The Causes of "Exit Difficulties" and the Design of Exit Mechanism in Poverty-stricken Counties

与国际援助中的"援助依赖"现象类似,我国"贫困县"也存在"长期化"、"退出难"的现象,其成因可能主要源于在贫困县内外部形成了一种对扶贫资源输入的"依赖体制":离开扶贫资金,贫困县内部的一些政府部门、单位和民间经济活动、经济组织可能将难以为继;而离开贫困县设置,作为扶贫方的上级地方政府和中央政府可能难以实现一定的政治目标和保持财政投入的效率需要。因此,在贫困县退出机制设计上,应重点考虑如何化解这一扶贫"依赖体制"的存在,实现扶贫机制的全面转型,确保贫困县真正而有效地脱贫。

Similar to the phenomenon of“aid dependence”in international aid field,China’s“poverty-stricken counties”also have the phenomenon of“long-termization”and“exit difficulties”,which may be mainly due to the formation of a"dependence system"for the input of poverty-alleviation resources to the poverty-stricken counties.It means that without the poverty-alleviation funds,some government departments,units and private economic activities and economic organizations within the poverty-stricken counties may be difficult to sustain.Also it means that wtihout the establishment of poverty-stricken counties,the higher-level local governments and central government may be difficult to achieve certain political goals and maintain the efficiency of financial input needs.Therefore,in the design of exit mechanism of poverty-stricken counties,we should focus on how to dissolve the existence of the"dependence system"of poverty alleviation,make the overall transformation of poverty alleviation mechanism,and ensure that poverty-stricken counties truly and effectively out of poverty.