滇西边境山区产业易地集中式扶贫研究--基于云南省H县的调查

Study on the Industrial Change-location Centralized Poverty Alleviationin West Yunnan Border Mountains——Based on Survey of H County,Yunnan Province

产业扶贫是集中连片特困地区深受地方政府青睐的一种有效的脱贫攻坚举措,但这种政府主导的产业扶贫模式难以在政府和市场逻辑之间保持良好的发展态势。简单、同质且不可持续的扶贫方式容易造成主体脱嵌、合作社和企业二者关系的异化趋势以及利益联接的松散,这些因素都可能弱化既有扶贫效果。云南省H县产业异地集中式扶贫实践经验呈现出贫困户、合作社、企业相互嵌入和互动发展的特点,主要表现在主体脱贫动力增强、适度规模经营初步形成和社企规范发展,是一种值得借鉴的扶贫模式。改进产业易地集中式扶贫需要强化贫困主体意识,激发其脱贫内生动力;建立社企良性互动关系,发挥社企合作益贫效应;完善利益联结机制,切实提高脱贫效果的可持续性。

Industrial poverty alleviation is an effective way to remove poverty,which is favored by local governments.However,it is difficult to maintain a good trend between government and market logic.The simple,homogeneous and unsustainable ways of poverty alleviation easily lead to the disintegration of the main body,the alienation trend of the relationship between the cooperatives and the enterprises,and the looseness of the interest connection.These factors may weaken the existing poverty alleviation effects.The practical experience of change-location centralized poverty alleviation in H County,Yunnan Province,shows the characteristics of the embedding and interactive development of poor households,cooperatives and enterprises.It is mainly manifested in the enhancement of the motive force of the main body,the initial formation of moderate scale management and the standard development of social enterprises,which is worthy of reference.Improving the change-location and centralization of poverty alleviation in the industry needs to strengthen the consciousness of the main body of poverty,stimulate the endogenous motivation of poverty reduction,establish a benign interactive relationship between the enterprises and enterprises,bring into play the effect of the cooperative benefit to the poor by the cooperative enterprises,perfect the mechanism of interest joint,and effectively improve the sustainability of the effect of poverty reduction.