中国农村化学品企业发展存在“污染天堂效应”吗?

Was There Pollution Heaven Effect in the Development of China's Rural Chemical Enterprises?

本文基于环境规制视角,以环保部重点提及的化学品污染重点防控产业为研究范围,实证分析中国农村化学品企业发展是否存在"污染天堂效应"。结果表明:首先,2002—2011年间6类农村化学品规模企业产值呈现持续上升趋势,其中4类农村化学品规模企业产值年平均增长率超过全国相应企业产值平均增长率;农村纺织业和化学品纤维制造业占全国比重均已超过一半以上,其中农村纺织业比重最高达72.99%;在地区分布上,东部农村化学品规模企业产值占全国农村比重占绝对优势,西部农村化学品企业产值年平均增长率为24%,超过东、中部地区。其次,环境规制对中国农村化学品企业的发展有显著负向影响,中国农村化学品企业的发展存在污染天堂效应;农村招商引资优惠政策和工业资本存量对农村化学品企业发展有显著正向影响;技术因素对农村化学品企业发展有显著负向影响。

Based on the perspective of rural environmental regulation,this paper empirically analyzes whether there was“Pollution Heaven Effect”in the development of China's rural chemical enterprises.The results are as follows.Firstly,from 2002 to 2011,the output value of 6 types of rural chemical en.terprises was on the rise,among which,the growth rates of 4 types were higher than those of national corresponding enterprises.Rural textile industry and chemical fiber manufacturing accounted for more than half of the national total,of which the highest share of the textile industry reached 72.99%;In terms of geographical distribution,the output value of the rural chemical enterprises in the eastern region accounted for the absolute predominance,and the average annual growth rate of the output value of western rural chemical enterprises was 24%,surpassing the eastern and central regions.Secondly,there was pollution heaven effect in the development of China..s rural chemical enterprises,which meant the environmental regulation had a significant negative impact on the development of China..s rural chemical enterprises.In addition,the preferential policies of rural investment,industrial capital stock and technology factors had significant impacts on the development of China..s rural chemical enterprises.