跨喜马拉雅合作民族志书写理论与方法

Theories and methods of cooperative trans-Himalayan ethnographic writing

随着"一带一路"倡议在南亚区域的实施,喜马拉雅区域正成为中国海外民族志研究书写世界的新区域。运用民族志研究相关理论,讨论了跨喜马拉雅合作民族志在中国海外民族志书写中的意义、研究主题的多种可能以及跨喜马拉雅合作民族志的"做、读、写",从而认识跨喜马拉雅合作民族志书写的理论和方法。论文认为人类学对主体间性的强调是合作民族志得以存在的认识论基础,全球化背景下中国与喜马拉雅区域各国人民增强了相互了解的动力,以此寻求互为求知主体,是跨喜马拉雅合作民族志开展的地缘学术可能。合作民族志强调在人类学者与"他者"之间,合作团队成员之间以及不同学科之间建立起统一性、共生性、平等性、反身性的交流关系。

With the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative in South Asia,the Himalayan region is becoming a new focus on writing the world for the Chinese overseas ethnography.Based on the ethnographic theories and methods,this paper discusses the significance of cooperative trans-Himalayan writing in Chinese overseas ethnography,the diversity of research topics and methodologies in the relevant fieldwork,interpretation and writing.The paper argues that anthropological emphasis on inter-subjectivity is the epistemological basis for the existence of the ethnography of trans-Himalayan cooperation.The peoples of the Himalayan region and the Chinese all have the motivation to understand each other in the age of globalization,and seek mutual subjects of knowledge,which is the geo-academic basis for the ethnography of trans-Himalayan cooperation that emphasizes the realization of unity,symbiosis,equality,and reflexivity between the anthropologists and the“Others”and between the members of the cooperative team as well as among different disciplines.