基于经合组织分析框架的全球绿色增长进程比较

Comparison of global green growth process based on OECD analysis framework

参考经合组织绿色增长分析框架及《绿色增长指标报告2017》,重点从资源环境生产率、自然资源资产基础、生活环境质量、经济机遇与政策应对4个方面,对比分析经合组织国家和20国集团自1990年以来绿色发展所取得的进展。结果显示:多数国家碳、能源和物质资源生产率有所提升,但在国家和部门间存在广泛差异,且资源消耗量居高不下,碳排放量持续增加,环境压力依然很大;全球淡水、土地等自然资源总体压力居高不下,部分生态系统已经退化,生物多样性受到严重威胁;空气质量改善成果不尽如人意,严重影响人类健康和生活质量,而环境卫生条件的改善使多数经合组织国家从中获益;各国通过支持创新以及消费者行为转变等措施实施绿色增长政策的趋势正在加速,但部分政策的不连贯性阻碍全球绿色转型进程。

Referring to the OECD green growth analysis framework and Green Growth Indicators Report 2017,this report analyzes the green development progress of the OECD countries and the group of 20 countries since 1990,from the four aspects of productivity of resources and environment,natural resources asset base,quality of living environment,economic opportunities and policy response.The results show that productivity of carbon,energy and material resources has improved in most countries,but there are wide differences between countries and sectors,resource consumption remains high,carbon emissions continue to increase,and environmental pressure remains high.Global pressure on natural resources such as freshwater and land remains high,some ecosystems have degraded and biodiversity is under serious threat.Improvement in air quality is unsatisfactory,seriously affecting human health and quality of life,and improvement in sanitation have benefited most OECD countries.The trend towards implementing green growth policies by supporting innovation and changing consumer behaviour is accelerating,but incoherence in some policies is holding back the global green transition process.