多聚免疫球蛋白受体功能及其表达调节机制

Function and Regulatory Mechanism of Polymeric Immunoglobulin Receptor in Mammals and Fish

黏膜免疫是机体免疫系统的重要组成部分,鱼类的皮肤、鳃、肠等黏膜免疫相关组织及黏液是机体免疫保护的第一道防线。分泌型抗体(SIgs)是黏膜免疫的主要组成成分,经多聚免疫球蛋白受体(pIgR)介导的转胞吞作用穿过上皮细胞转运至黏膜表面发挥免疫防御功能。目前,对哺乳动物pIgR介导SIgs的转运过程,pIgR功能及调节因子,以及细胞因子、微生物、激素等调节pIgR表达的信号通路已研究得较透彻,而鱼类pIgR研究多集中于基因克隆、组织差异表达等,对pIgR表达调节方面的研究较少。本文综述了哺乳动物pIgR的功能、调节机制以及硬骨鱼类pIgR的相关研究进展,为探究鱼类pIgR表达的调节机制提供参考资料。

The mucosa-associated tissues and mucus of teleost form the first defense against pathogens.Mucosal immune system plays a key role in fish immune response and protection.The secretory immunoglobulins(SIgs)are the main players in the mucosal defense,which are transported to the mucosal surface via transcytosis across the epithelium by the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor(pIgR).In mammals,comprehensive studies on pIgR-mediated SIgs transport,pIgR function in mucosal defense,regulatory factors,as well as various cytokines,microbes and hormones up-regulating the pIgR expression through multiple signaling pathways,have been performed;however few studies on pIgR expression regulation are performed in fish although the cloning and tissue expression analysis of many genes have been carried out.This review described the recent progresses in pIgR biological function,expression regulation,and regulatory mechanism in mammals and teleost aiming to provide a basis for further studies on the expression regulatory mechanism of pIgR in fish.