仿生涡流发生器在赛车前翼上的数值研究

Numerical simulation of bionic vortex generators on front wing of racing car

为改善一款大学生方程式赛车的空气动力学性能,结合信天翁覆羽和涡流发生器进行研究,提出一种仿生涡流发生器。采用数值模拟的方法对比研究仿生涡流发生器对赛车前翼及轮胎周围气流状态的影响。研究表明,加装仿生涡流发生器可以有效改善前翼-轮胎区域的气流状态,前翼下表面气流附着长度增加,模型阻力系数Cd比原始减小1.07%,升力系数Cl增加4.23%,升阻比增加5.37%,前翼气动性能得到提升。仿生信天翁覆羽的涡流发生器不仅能够提供能量辅助气流附着,并且由于其与下翼面走势相似的结构特点,能够引导气流流动,使气流以更缓和的方式适应前翼-轮胎区域的流场工况。

To improve the aerodynamic performance of a college student formula racing,a bionic vortex generator was proposed.The vortex generator was designed according to albatross wings.Numerical simulation was used to study its effects on airflow characteristics of the college student formula racing.Research shows the feasibility of bionic vortex generators as a method to improve the aerodynamic performance of the racing car.The vortex generator can effectively improve flow status between front wing and front wheel.Besides,it increases the airflow attachment length under the front wing.Results show that its drag coefficient is reduced by 1.07%,lift coefficient is increased by 4.23%,while lift-drag ratio is increased by 5.37%,compared with the original model.The bionic vortex generator can supplement energy for front wing of the racing car so that its airflow can attach better.In the other hand,it adapts to the front wing-tire action in a more gradual manner due to its structural characteristics similar to that of the lower airfoil,while at the same time guiding the airflow.